Anna Goc, Gebhard Gehring, Hartmut Baltin, Aleksandra Niedzwiecki and Matthias Rath

Abstract: Background: Lyme disease (LD) is a tick-borne infection caused by Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato. The current therapeutic approach to this disease is limited to antibiotics. However, after their administration, about 20% of patients experience delayed onset of this illness manifesting as lingering persistent symptoms.

Read more: Specific composition of polyphenolic compounds with fatty acids as an approach in helping to reduce spirochete burden in Lyme disease: in vivo and human observational study

A. Goc, A. Niedzwiecki, M. Rath

Abstract: Background: Borrelia sp., is a causative pathogen of Lyme disease which has become a worldwide health concern. Non-toxic approaches especially directed toward latent persistent forms of this pathogen are desired. Lipids in the form of volatile and non-volatile oils, and fatty acids with proven anti-borreliae efficacy could become an additional support or an alternative for consideration in treatment approaches.…

Read more: Anti-borreliae efficacy of selected organic oils and fatty acids

A. Goc , A. Niedzwiecki, M. Rath

J Nutri Bio, 5(1): 350-363 (2019)

Abstract: Background: Borrelia sp., which is a pathogenic agent of Lyme diseases in mammals, has become an increasing problem worldwide due to the emergence of persistence. In this study we investigated whether a defined composition of naturally occurring substances could display a broad and synergistic action in vitro against both active and persistent forms of Borrelia spp.…

Read more: Synergistic Anti-Borreliae Efficacy of a Composition of Naturally-occurring Compounds: an In vitro Study

A. Goc, W. Sumera, A. Niedzwiecki, M. Rath

PLOS ONE | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0214763 April, 2019

Abstract: In the search for novel agents against oral pathogens in their planktonic and biofilm form, we have focused our attention on 10-undecynoic acid as the representative of the acetylenic fatty acids.…

Read more: 10-undecynoic acid is a new anti-adherent agent killing biofilm of oral Streptococcus spp.

Anna Goc, Aleksandra Niedzwiecki, Matthias Rath

Journal of Applied Microbiology 2017, 123(3): 637-650

Abstract: Aims: Borrelia spp., a causative pathogenic factor of Lyme disease, has become a major public health threat. Current treatments based on antibiotics often lead to relapse after their withdrawal. Naturally derived substances that could work synergistically to display higher efficacy compared to the individual components may serve as a resource for the development of novel approaches to combat both active and latent forms of Borrelia spp.…

Read more: Reciprocal cooperation of phytochemicals and micronutrients against typical and atypical forms of Borrelia spp.

Anna Goc and Matthias Rath

Therapeutic Advances in Infectious Disease 2016, 3(3-4): 75-82

Abstract: Naturally occurring substances have been used for centuries to fight against various pathogens. They serve as a source for new chemical entities or provide options to already existing therapeutics. While there is an increasing interest in studying antimicrobial properties of naturally derived agents, little is known about their effects against Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato, the causative pathogens of Lyme disease.…

Read more: The anti-borreliae efficacy of phytochemicals and micronutrients: an update

Anna Goc, Alexandra Niedzwiecki, Matthias Rath

Dr. Rath Research Institute BV, Santa Clara, California 95050, USA.

International Journal of Biological Sciences 2016; 12(9): 1093-1103

Abstract: Phytochemicals and micronutrients represent a growing theme in antimicrobial defense; however, little is known about their anti-borreliae effects of reciprocal cooperation with antibiotics. A better understanding of this aspect could advance our knowledge and help improve the efficacy of current approaches towards Borrelia sp.…

Read more: Cooperation of Doxycycline with Phytochemicals and Micronutrients Against Active and Persistent Forms of Borrelia sp

Anna Goc, Aleksandra Niedzwiecki, Matthias Rath

Journal of Applied Microbiology 2015, 119: 1561-1572

Abstract:
AIMS:  Little is known about the effects of phytochemicals against Borrelia sp. causing Lyme disease. Current therapeutic approach to this disease is limited to antibiotics. This study examined the anti-borreliaea efficacy of several plant-derived compounds and micronutrients. METHODS AND RESULTS:  We tested the efficacy of 15 phytochemicals and micronutrients against three morphological forms of Borrelia burgdoferi and Borrelia garinii: spirochetes, latent rounded forms and biofilm. The results showed that the most potent substances against the spirochete and rounded forms of Borrelia burgdorferi and Borrelia garinii were cis-2-decenoic acid, baicalein, monolaurin, and kelp (iodine); whereas, only baicalein and monolaurin revealed significant activity against the biofilm. Moreover, cis-2-decenoic acid, baicalein, and monolaurin did not cause statistically significant cytotoxicity to human HepG2 cells up to 125 μg ml-1 , and kelp up to 20 μg ml-1 .…

Read more: In vitro evaluation of antibacterial activity of phytochemicals and micronutrients against Borrelia burgdorferi and Borrelia garinii

Abstract:
AIDS has become a global health crisis and a leading cause of death in the developing world. Since 1981, more than 25 million people worldwide have died from this immunodeficiency syndrome and 12 million AIDS orphans have been left behind in Africa alone, According to the UNAIDS/World Health Organization (WHO) 2006 AIDS epidemic update, the number of people living with HIV (human immunodeficiency virus), the virus linked to AIDS, has grown from 8 million in 1990 to nearly 40 million at the end of 2006.…

Read more: Role of micronutrients in the control of HIV and AIDS

E.K. Barbour, E.G. Rayya, H.A. Shaib, R.G. El Hakim, A.M. Abdel Nour, A.Niedzwiecki, S. Harakeh, M. Rath
Veterinaria Italiana 2007, 43(1): 43-54

Summary:
The authors evaluated the holistic efficacy of nine specific nutrient synergy (NS) against avian influenza virus (AIV) strain Lebanon 1 (H9N2). The study included two segments; the first was designed to determine the minimum dose among four doses (1X, 2X, 3X and 4X in which X = 24.4 mg/ml/bird) of NS, administered intraoesophageally, once per day between 7 and 14 days of age, resulting in an improvement of chicken performance without any toxic side-effects; the second aimed at reducing pathological effects and inducing immunomodulation by the determined safe dose of NS in chickens exposed to AIV.…

Read more: Holistic efficacy of specific nutrient synergy against avian flu virus: pathology and immunomodulation

Babour EK, Rayya EG, Shaib H, El Hakim RG, Niedzwiekci A, Abdel Nour AM, Harakeh S, Rath MIntern 
The International Journal of Applied Research in Veterinary Medicine 2007; 5(1): 9-16

Abstract:
This study focused on the effects of a nutrient mixture containing ascorbic acid, lysine, proline, green tea extract and other micronutrients in alleviating the histopathologic effects of avian influenza virus.…

Read more: Allevation of histopathological effects of avian influenza virus by a specific nutrient synergy

R. Jariwalla, M.W. Roomi, B. Gangapurkar, T. Kalinovsky, A. Niedzwiecki, M. Rath
Biofactors 2007, 31(1): 1-15

Abstract:
Influenza, one of the oldest and most common infections, poses a serious health problem causing significant morbidity and mortality, and imposing substantial economic costs. The efficacy of current drugs is limited and improved therapies are needed. A unique nutrient mixture (NM), containing ascorbic acid, green tea extract, lysine, proline, N-acetyl cysteine, selenium among other micronutrients, has been shown to exert anti-carcinogenic and anti-atherogenic activity both in vitro and in vivo. Many of the constituents of NM have been shown to have an inhibitory effect on replication of influenza virus and HIV.…

Read more: Suppression of influenza A virus nuclear antigen production and neuraminidase activity by a nutrient mixture containing ascorbic acid, green tea extract and amino acids

P.G. Deryabin, D.K. Lvov, A.G. Botikov, V. Ivanov, T. Kalinovsky, A. Niedzwiecki, M. Rath 
Biofactors 2008, 33(2): 85-97

Abstract:
Numerous outbreaks of avian influenza virus infection (A/H5N1) have occurred recently, infecting domestic birds, chicken and ducks. The possibility of the emergence of a new strain of influenza virus capable of causing a pandemic in humans is high and no vaccine effective against such a strain currently exists. A unique nutrient mixture (NM), containing lysine, proline, ascorbic acid, green tea extract, N-acetyl cysteine, selenium among other micro nutrients, has been shown to exert a wide range of biochemical and pharmacological effects, including an inhibitory effect on replication of influenza virus and HIV.…

Read more: Effects of a nutrient mixture on infectious properties of the highly pathogenic strain of avian influenza virus A/H5N1

M.W. Roomi, R.J. Jariwalla, T. Kalinovsky, N. Roomi, A. Niedzwiecki, M. Rath
BioFactors 2008; 33: 61-75

Influenza, a long-standing common infection, poses a serious health problem causing significant morbidity and mortality, and imposing substantial economic costs. To date there are no effective antiviral therapies. A unique nutrient mixture (NM), containing lysine, proline, ascorbic acid, green tea extract, N-acetyl cysteine and selenium among other micro nutrients, has been shown to exert a wide range of biochemical and pharmacological effects, among them anti-carcinogenic and anti-atherogenic activity both in vitro and in vivo.…

Read more: Inhibition of cellular invasive parameters in influenza A virus-infected MDCK and Vero cells by a nutrient mixture

Jariwalla RJ, Niedzwiecki A, Rath M
Botanical Medicine in Clinical Practice, eds. Preedy VR and Watson RR., Chapter 23, 2008

Abstract:
Good nutrition is vital to immune function and disease resistance. Conversely poor nutritional status or malnutrition can lower immunity and predispose to infection. Nutritional deficiencies are common in disorders of the immune system and in viral and bacterial infections. Experimental studies conducted to date with micronutrients have revealed beneficial effects with the potential to combat both immunodeficiency disease and microbial infection.…

Read more: Micronutrients and Nutrient Synergy in Immunodeficiency and Infectious Disease

Barbour EK, Mastori FA, Shaib HA, Yaghi RH, Tayeb IT, Sleiman FT, Kassaify ZG, Sawaya RK, Abdel Nour AM, Sabra AH, Harakeh S, Rath M
The International Journal of Applied Research in Veterinary Medicine 2009; 7(1): 43-49

Abstract:
The main objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of a nutrient mixture (NS) containing lysine, proline, green tea extract, ascorbic acid and other micronutrients in alleviating the pathologic effects in broilers challenged with a high or low dose of E. coli following a primary challenge with H9N2 avian influenza virus. Six groups of 19 broilers each were treated as follows.…

Read more: Efficacy of a nutrient synergy against colibacillosis in poultry

Barbour EK, Mastori FA, Abdel Nour AM, Shaib HA, Jaber LS, Yaghi RH, Sabra A, Sleiman FT, Sawaya RK, Niedzwiecki A, Tayeb IT, Kassaify ZG, Rath M, Harakeh S, Barbour KE
Veterinaria Italiana 2009; 45(2): 317 – 322.

Abstract:
Primary infection by low pathogenic avian influenza (LPAI) predisposes poultry for secondary infection by Escherichia coli, leading to significant economic losses. Future research in control of this ailment requires the establishment of a successfully controlled challenge by avian influenza virus (AIV)/E.coli. Six groups of broilers (6 birds/group) were included for the standardization of the controlled challenge by AIV/E.coli.…

Read more: Standardization of a new model of H9N2/escherichia coli challenge in broilers in Lebanon

Jariwalla RJ, Roomi MW, Kalinovsky T, Rath M, Niedzwiecki A
In: Global View of the Fight Against Influenza, edited by Petar Mitrasinovic, Nova Publishers, 2009

Abstract:
Influenza remains a major health threat among infectious diseases, affecting a fifth of the world’s population. Current vaccines and drugs have limited efficacy and there is an urgent need for effective therapies. Influenza virus A not only infects susceptible (alveolar) cells in the lungs, but also manifests in extrapulmonary areas, which require basement membrane disruption by matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) capable of degrading collagen type IV.…

Read more: Micronutrients in the global fight against influenza

R.J. Jariwalla, B. Gangapurkar, A. Pandit, T. Kalinovsky, A. Niedzwiecki, M. Rath
Molecular Medicine Reports 2010, 3:377-385

Abstract:
Nutrients are known to display pharmacologic activity against viruses and to exert cooperative effects in cells. To study the influence of nutrient cooperation on HIV production in chronically infected T lymphocytes, we evaluated the individual and combined effects of nutrients on HIV-1 reverse transcriptase (RT) released into the culture supernatant. In unstimulated cells, low concentrations of single nutrients namely, ascorbic acid (AA), green tea polyphenols (GT), or lysine did not significantly suppress HIV-1 RT production. However, when GT (25 μg/ml) and AA (32 μg/ml to 64 μg/ml) were combined and applied to cells, extracellular RT was significantly reduced relative to control. Combining GT (25 μg/ml) with lysine (25 μg/ml), also reduced RT level to a greater extent (51% of control) than that observed with lysine alone, and addition of AA (16 μg/ml) to the same combination decreased RT further to 17% of control (p=0.06).…

Read more: Micronutrient Cooperation in Suppression of HIV Production in Chronically and Latently Infected Cells

R.J. Jariwalla, A. Niedzwiecki, M. Rath
Bioactive Food in Promoting Heath: Fruits and Vegetables, Ed. R. Watson and V. Preedy  
Elsevier Inc, 2010, Ch. 22, pp. 323-342

Abstract:
The evaluation of the effects of a micronutrient program on AIDS-defining symptoms and other symptoms associated with AIDS in different populations of patients living in different townships and different regions of South Africa, which included Cape Town (Khayelitsha and Western Cape), KwaZulu-Natal province (including Durban) and Free State, concludes that: a) Daily supplementation with a nutritional program containing a defined complex of vitamins, minerals, trace elements, selected amino acids, polyphenols, and other essential nutrients by AIDS patients not taking antiretroviral drugs (ARVs) caused significant reduction in all AIDS-defining and other physical symptoms associated with the progression of AIDS. b)…

Read more: The Essentiality of Nutritional Supplementation in HIV Infection and AIDS: Review of Clinical Studies and Results from a Community Health Micronutrient Program